GR1 Titanium Pipe
May 15, 2026
What Is GR1 Titanium Pipe?
GR1 titanium pipe is one of the lowest strength and highest ductility materials in pure titanium. GR1 titanium tube has excellent corrosion resistance and is commonly used in chemical processing, marine engineering, medical equipment, and other fields that require corrosion resistance.
GR1 titanium offers a unique combination of low strength and high ductility. ASTM B338 grade 1 pipe is the softest and most formable grade of commercially pure titanium.
Chemical Composition of GR1 Titanium Tube
GR1 titanium chemical composition limits:
| Element | Content Range |
|---|---|
| Titanium (Ti) | ≥ 99.5% |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.20% |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.08% |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.03% |
| Hydrogen (H) | ≤ 0.015% |
| Oxygen (O) | ≤ 0.18% |
GR1 titanium has minimum 99.5% purity. The low oxygen content (0.18% max) gives GR1 titanium pipe its high ductility and excellent formability for GR1 titanium for deep drawing applications.
Physical Properties of GR1 Titanium Pipe
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Titanium grade 1 density | 4.51 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 1668°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 17 W/(m·K) |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion | 8.6 × 10⁻⁶ /K |
| GR1 titanium yield strength | ~170 MPa (typical) |
| Tensile strength | ~240 MPa (typical) |
| Elongation | ≥24% |
| Grade 1 titanium hardness | ~70 HRB |
GR1 titanium yield strength is the lowest among pure titanium grades, making GR1 titanium forming/bending and GR1 titanium for deep drawing excellent choices for complex shapes.
Heat Treatment of GR1 Titanium Tube
GR1 titanium pipe can be heat treated by annealing to optimize toughness and ductility:
| Treatment | Temperature Range | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Annealing | 704 – 815°C | Optimize toughness and ductility |
How to weld GR1 titanium may require post-weld annealing if additional ductility is needed. The annealing temperature range of 704-815°C is typical for GR1 titanium tube.
Machining and Welding of GR1 Titanium Pipe
GR1 titanium machinability and weldability considerations:
| Process | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| Machining | Good processability, suitable for cold working |
| GR1 titanium machinability | Good – use sharp tools and abundant coolant |
| Welding | Due to high chemical activity, welding must be carried out in a protective gas environment |
| How to weld GR1 titanium | Requires inert gas shielding (argon) to avoid oxidation and nitriding |
| GR1 titanium forming/bending | Excellent – low strength and high ductility enable cold forming |
Because GR1 titanium has high chemical activity, the welding process needs to be carried out in a protective gas environment to avoid oxidation and nitriding.
Applications of GR1 Titanium Tube
GR1 titanium tube is widely used in the following fields:
| Industry | Application |
|---|---|
| Chemical processing | GR1 titanium for chemical processing – corrosion-resistant equipment, piping, GR1 titanium reactor components |
| Marine engineering | GR1 titanium heat exchanger tubes, equipment used in seawater environments |
| Medical equipment | Medical grade 1 titanium – implants and medical devices (ASTM F67 grade 1) |
| Industrial | General corrosion-resistant applications |
GR1 titanium heat exchanger tubes and GR1 titanium for chemical processing are primary applications due to excellent corrosion resistance.
Available Specifications
GR1 titanium tube available dimensions (converted from foil specifications to tube):
| Parameter | Range |
|---|---|
| Wall thickness | 0.3mm – 5.0mm (based on material capabilities) |
| Diameter (OD) | Custom per customer requirement |
| Length | Cut according to customer requirements |
| GR1 titanium tube in stock | Standard sizes available |
GR1 vs GR2
| Property | GR1 Titanium Pipe | GR2 |
|---|---|---|
| Oxygen max | 0.18% | 0.25% |
| Yield strength | ~170 MPa | ~275 MPa |
| Tensile strength | ~240 MPa | ~345 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥24% | ≥20% |
| Ductility | Highest | Moderate |
| Formability | Best | Good |
Titanium grade 1 vs grade 2 selection depends on whether formability (GR1) or strength (GR2) is the priority. GR1 titanium for deep drawing is preferred over GR2.
FAQ
Q1: What is GR1 titanium pipe?
A: GR1 titanium pipe is one of the lowest strength and highest ductility materials in pure titanium. GR1 titanium tube has excellent corrosion resistance and is commonly used in chemical processing, marine engineering, medical equipment, and other fields requiring corrosion resistance. GR1 titanium is the softest and most formable commercially pure titanium grade.
Q2: What is the UNS number for ASTM B861 grade 1 titanium tube?
A: The UNS number for ASTM B861 grade 1 titanium tube is R50250. ASTM B338 grade 1 titanium pipe also uses UNS R50250. The Werkstoff number is 3.7025. Medical grade 1 titanium (ASTM F67 grade 1) uses the same UNS number.
Q3: What is the purity of GR1 titanium pipe?
A: GR1 titanium pipe has minimum 99.5% titanium purity. The composition includes: Ti ≥99.5%, Fe ≤0.20%, C ≤0.08%, N ≤0.03%, H ≤0.015%, O ≤0.18%. This high purity gives GR1 titanium its excellent corrosion resistance and ductility.
Q4: What is the density of titanium grade 1 pipe?
A: Titanium grade 1 density is 4.51 g/cm³. Melting point is 1668°C. Thermal conductivity is 17 W/(m·K). Coefficient of thermal expansion is 8.6 × 10⁻⁶ /K. These properties make GR1 titanium pipe suitable for a wide range of applications.
Q5: What is the annealing temperature range for GR1 titanium tube?
A: GR1 titanium tube can be heat treated by annealing at 704-815°C to optimize toughness and ductility. This heat treatment is recommended after significant cold work or if maximum ductility is required for GR1 titanium forming/bending operations.
Q6: Is GR1 titanium pipe easy to weld?
A: How to weld GR1 titanium requires special consideration. Due to the high chemical activity of titanium, the welding process needs to be carried out in a protective gas environment (argon) to avoid oxidation and nitriding. GR1 titanium has good weldability when proper shielding is used.
Q7: Is GR1 titanium pipe suitable for chemical processing?
A: Yes, GR1 titanium for chemical processing is a primary application. GR1 titanium pipe is used for corrosion-resistant equipment in chemical plants. GR1 titanium heat exchanger tubes and GR1 titanium reactor components benefit from the material's excellent corrosion resistance.
Q8: Can GR1 titanium tube be used for medical applications?
A: Yes, medical grade 1 titanium conforming to ASTM F67 grade 1 is used for implants and medical devices. GR1 titanium offers excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, making it safe for surgical implants and medical instruments.
Q9: What is the difference between GR1 and GR2 titanium pipe?
A: The difference between pure titanium GR1 and GR2 is primarily oxygen content. GR1 titanium pipe has 0.18% oxygen max, while GR2 has 0.25% oxygen max. Titanium grade 1 vs grade 2 comparison shows GR1 has higher ductility (≥24% vs ≥20% elongation) and lower strength, making GR1 titanium for deep drawing the preferred choice.
Q10: Is GR1 titanium pipe suitable for marine engineering?
A: Yes, GR1 titanium pipe is widely used in marine engineering. GR1 titanium tube is used for equipment in seawater environments due to its excellent corrosion resistance to chlorides and seawater. GR1 titanium heat exchanger tubes are common in marine cooling systems.
Q11: What forms of GR1 titanium tube are available from GR1 titanium tube suppliers?
A: GR1 titanium tube suppliers offer GR1 titanium tube in seamless (ASTM B861) and welded (ASTM B862) forms. GR1 titanium pipe (ASTM B338) is available for larger diameters. GR1 titanium tube in stock includes standard sizes. Customized GR1 titanium tube with non-standard dimensions is available from GR1 titanium tube manufacturers.
Q12: Is GR1 titanium pipe suitable for cold working?
A: Yes, GR1 titanium pipe has good processability and is suitable for cold working. GR1 titanium forming/bending can be performed due to the material's low strength and high ductility. GR1 titanium for deep drawing is excellent for complex cold-formed shapes.
