Titanium Grade 9 (3al-2.5v) Tube – Ams4944

This is Grade 9 titanium tube manufactured to AMS4944, available as seamless or welded and drawn (with weld seam removed after drawing).

The tube is specified for hydraulic systems (3000+ psi), pneumatic instrumentation, fuel and oil transfer, and airframe structural components. In all these applications, failure is not an option - which means traceability and non‑destructive testing are not optional either.

 

Every shipment from us includes three documents as standard:

Ultrasonic test report – performed to AMS2630, with heat number, calibration reference (notched standard per AMS4944), and pass/fail results per tube section

Mechanical test report – tensile (UTS, 0.2% YS, elongation), flattening, and flare with raw data, not a checkbox

Certificate of Conformance – EN 10204 Type 3.1 (Type 3.2 available), with full traceability from melt source to finished tube

AMS4944 is the controlling aerospace specification for Grade 9 titanium tube. It covers both seamless and welded‑and‑drawn product, with the weld seam completely removed after drawing for the latter.

Parameter	Value
Specification	AMS4944 (current revision)
UNS number	R56320
Grade	9 (Ti‑3Al‑2.5V)
Product forms	Seamless / welded & drawn (seam removed)
Condition	Cold worked, stress relieved, or annealed
OD range	3.18 mm – 50.8 mm (0.125 – 2.000 in)
Wall thickness	0.3 mm – 3.0 mm (0.012 – 0.120 in)
Length	Random (3–6m typical) or cut to spec (±1.5mm)
Straightness	0.8 mm per 300 mm (tighter on request)
Surface roughness	Ra ≤ 1.6 µm (as supplied, no scale/oxide)

 

Parameter	Tolerance
Outside Diameter (OD)	±0.05 mm for OD ≤ 25.4 mm (1.00 in) ±0.08 mm for OD > 25.4 mm
Wall Thickness (WT)	±10% of nominal wall thickness
Eccentricity (Concentricity)	Within wall thickness tolerance
Length (Cut-to-length)	+3.0 mm / -0 mm
Straightness	0.8 mm per 300 mm (0.8/300)
End Finish (Cut squareness)	90° ± 1°
Surface Roughness (ID & OD)	Ra ≤ 1.6 μm (as supplied)

 

Every heat is tested. You will see the exact aluminum percentage, exact vanadium percentage, and exact oxygen content on the CoC.

Element	Min (wt%)	Max (wt%)	Role
Aluminum (Al)	2.5	3.5	Alpha stabilizer
Vanadium (V)	2.0	3.0	Beta stabilizer
Iron (Fe)	–	0.25	Controlled for ductility
Oxygen (O)	–	0.12	Tight limit for weldability & toughness
Carbon (C)	–	0.05
Nitrogen (N)	–	0.03
Hydrogen (H)	–	0.015
Titanium (Ti)	Balance	–

Oxygen is held to 0.12% max - tighter than some commercial grades (0.15–0.18%). This preserves impact toughness and low‑cycle fatigue life in hydraulic cycling applications.

Every batch is tensile tested and formability tested. The table below shows AMS4944 minimum requirements vs. typical delivered values.

Property	AMS4944 Min	Typical Delivered	Test Method
Tensile strength (UTS)	620 MPa (90 ksi)	650 – 750 MPa	ASTM E8 / E8M
Yield strength (0.2% offset)	480 MPa (70 ksi)	500 – 550 MPa	ASTM E8 / E8M
Elongation (in 4D or 50mm)	15%	18 – 22%	ASTM E8 / E8M
Flattening (to 6× wall thickness)	No cracks	Pass	ASTM A1016
Flare (20° taper to 1.5× OD)	No cracks	Pass	ASTM A1016

Why elongation matters beyond the minimum: Hydraulic tube assemblies are often flared, beaded, or bent. Higher ductility (18–22% vs. 15% min) means fewer rejects during tube fitting installation. This is not a guarantee - but it is a statistical advantage backed by our batch data.

High‑temperature tensile data (up to 350°C / 662°F) is available on request, typically showing UTS ≥ 450 MPa at 350°C.

 

100% ultrasonic testing is performed on seamless Grade 9 tube. Welded‑and‑drawn tube is UT tested after seam removal.

Parameter	Value
Standard	AMS2630 (or customer‑specified equivalent)
Test method	Immersion or rotating head (single tube pass)
Sensitivity calibration	Notched reference standard per AMS4944
Reference notch depth	5% of nominal wall thickness (longitudinal)
Scan coverage	100% (helical scan with overlap)
Defects detected	Inclusions, voids, wall thickness variation, longitudinal/transverse flaws

 

What your UT report includes:

Heat / lot number (same number appears on tube labels)

OD, wall thickness, and length range tested

Calibration reference (notch depth and standard used)

Pass/fail result per tube section (not just a batch pass)

Date of test and technician ID

 

 

In addition to 100% ultrasonic testing, 100% eddy current testing is performed on every tube to meet full AMS 4944 requirements. ET is the most sensitive method for detecting surface and near-surface defects that UT may miss.

Parameter	Value
Standard	ASTM E215 (or customer-specified equivalent)
Test method	Through-coil or rotating probe (bobbin coil for ID)
Sensitivity calibration	Notched reference standard per ASTM E215 – 0.2 mm depth (or 5% of wall thickness, whichever is smaller)
Frequency	Optimized per OD/wall ratio (typical range: 100 kHz – 2 MHz)
Scan coverage	100% (full tube length, single pass)
Defects detected	Surface cracks, seams, scratches, pinholes, ID gouges, frets, and near-surface inclusions

ET report includes:

Heat / lot number (matches tube labels and UT report)

OD, wall thickness, and length range tested

Calibration reference (notch depth, frequency, and standard used)

Pass / fail result per tube section (not a batch pass)

Date of test and technician ID

 

Mechanical testing is performed per batch, not per heat. Each batch (typically 50–200 tubes of the same size) is sampled per AMS4944.

Test	Method	Acceptance Criterion	Data Reported
Tensile (RT)	ASTM E8 / E8M	UTS ≥ 620 MPa, YS ≥ 480 MPa, Elong ≥ 15%	Actual UTS, YS, Elong %
Flattening	ASTM A1016	No cracks at 6× wall thickness	Pass / Fail + photo on request
Flare	ASTM A1016	No cracks at 20° taper to 1.5× OD	Pass / Fail + photo on request

Every shipment includes an EN 10204 Type 3.1 CoC. Type 3.2 (with third‑party witness) is available on request.

 

The CoC explicitly states:

Compliance with AMS4944 (revision stated)

Heat / lot number (matching tube labels and UT report)

Chemical composition (actual values from melt analysis)

Mechanical test results (UTS, YS, elongation, flattening, flare)

UT summary (standard used, calibration reference, result)

Quantity shipped (meters or pieces)

Date of issue and quality manager signature

 

Traceability chain (documented in our internal system, available on request):

Ingot melt log → billet assignment → tube production work order → UT & test batch records → packaging label → CoC

If you need to trace a single tube from your shelf back to its original ingot, we can do that within one business day - provided the tube still has its original heat number label or stamped marking.

Nothing leaves our factory without a CoC. This is a documented internal rule, not a promise.

Get material list

 

This tube is used where high strength‑to‑weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and reliable performance up to 350°C are required.

Aviation (certified and prototype):

Hydraulic lines (3000–5000 psi, typical OD 6.35–12.7 mm, wall 0.5–1.2 mm)

Pneumatic / instrument air systems (reduced burst risk vs. stainless)

Fuel and oil transfer (Grade 9 resists jet fuel and synthetic oils)

Airframe structural tubing (seamless preferred for fatigue)

 

High‑reliability civil:

Racing brake and oil lines (Formula, LMP, GT3 - lighter than steel, stronger than aluminum)

Medical gas systems (MRI‑compatible, non‑magnetic)

Marine corrosion‑resistant piping (seawater service, no pitting)

High‑pressure chemical instrumentation (sour gas, chlorides)

 

We manufacture titanium tube. We are not a trader. You are buying from the facility that produces the tube, not a middleman.

 

Production equipment:

Cold pilgering mills (6 units, OD range 3–50 mm)

Cold drawing benches (4 units, for welded‑and‑drawn and tight tolerance seamless)

Vacuum annealing furnaces (atmosphere controlled, oxygen pickup monitored)

Rotary straighteners (meet AMS4944 straightness requirement)

Precision cut‑off saws (tolerance ±1.5 mm, burr‑free ends)

 

Certifications:

AS9100 D (aerospace quality management system - active, audited annually)

ISO 9001:2015

 

What AS9100 actually means for your order (not marketing language):

Every non‑conformance (internal or customer‑reported) is assigned a CAR number and tracked to closure

Calibration intervals are fixed (e.g., tensile tester every 12 months, UT system every 6 months) and auditable

Traceability is not optional - our system will not release a CoC without matching heat numbers across all test records

Your CoC comes from a system that is audited by an accredited registrar (not self‑declared)

 

Customer audits: On‑site or video audit is accepted. We will show you the UT station, tensile lab, annealing furnace log sheets, and packaging line.

 

Internal packaging (per tube):

Anti‑static, dust‑free PE bag (prevents airborne contamination)

Plastic end caps on both ends (protects ID and OD from impact)

Desiccant pack inside sealed bag (controls moisture for high‑humidity destinations)

 

Between tube layers:

Cardboard or foam separation (prevents fretting and surface damage during transit)

Tubes from same heat number are packed together where possible

 

Outer container:

Plywood box (export standard) or reinforced 5‑layer carton (lightweight orders)

Box is strapped and labeled for overland / air / sea freight

 

Does AMS4944 cover seamless only, or both seamless and welded?

AMS4944 covers both. For welded and drawn tube, the weld seam must be completely removed by drawing after welding. The final tube has no identifiable seam. We do this as standard. If you need the seam left intact for non-aero applications where cost is the main driver, tell us explicitly. Otherwise we default to AMS4944 compliant with seam removed.

 

Can you mark individual tubes and match each tube to its UT report line by line?

Yes, but it costs more and adds lead time. Standard practice is one UT report per batch stating all tubes in heat X passed. That is sufficient for most aero customers because the heat number on each tube label matches the report. If you need individual tube serial numbers with pass/fail per tube, we can do laser marking and data logging. Add about 15-25% to the meter price and 3-5 days to lead time. Most customers do not need this.

 

Is your AS9100 certification required for Grade 9 tube? Does it make the tube airworthy?

We operate under AS9100 D. The tube itself is not an airworthy part. No tube mill can claim that because airworthiness is determined by the certifying authority on the final assembled component. What AS9100 gives you is a third-party audited quality system with enforced traceability, documented non-conformances, and auditable calibration records. If you need a full PPAP or AS9102 first article inspection report, we can provide it at additional cost.

 

Can you use a specific melt source I request, like TIMET, ATI, or VSMPO?

Yes, but lead time and MOQ change significantly. For standard orders we use our stock billet from multiple approved sources, all meeting AMS4944 chemistry. If you require a specific melt source, we must purchase billet to your specification. Minimum purchase is typically 500-1000 kg. Lead time extends by 8-12 weeks. MOQ becomes the billet lot size, not our standard 50-100 meters. For prototypes or low volume, our standard billet is usually sufficient.

 

Can I audit your factory before placing an order?

Yes. On-site or video audit. We show UT station (live demo with notch calibration), tensile testing lab (specimen prep and machine operation), annealing furnace log sheets, packaging line, and non-conformance log. Proprietary process details like die designs are not shown, but we confirm capability without revealing IP. Schedule with at least 2 weeks notice.

 

Do I need to ask for the CoC separately? Do you charge for documents?

No and no. Every shipment includes CoC, UT report, and mechanical test report without a separate request. We do not charge a documentation fee. If you need the CoC in a specific format or with your purchase order number referenced, tell us. Otherwise we issue our standard EN 10204 3.1 CoC. If you lose a CoC after shipment, we keep copies for 10 years. Replacement PDF is free.

 

What is your typical UT rejection rate? What happens to rejected tubes?

Typical UT rejection rate for Grade 9 seamless is 1-2%. Thin wall tubes (wall thickness to OD ratio below 0.05) run higher, up to 5%. Rejected tubes are cut at the defect location if localized and retested. Remaining length that passes UT is shipped as a shorter length with your approval. Tubes with non-localized defects like general wall variation or stringer inclusions are scrapped. We do not re-heat-treat or re-draw rejected tubes to make them pass. That practice causes field failures in hydraulic service and we will not do it.

 

Can you provide third-party witness testing from SGS, BV, or another agency?

Yes. Cost is passed through with no markup. Request it at time of order. You or your chosen inspector visits our facility when the batch is ready, witnesses UT and mechanical testing, and issues their own report. Lead time impact is typically 5-10 business days. Cost is the inspector's daily rate plus travel expenses. You can use SGS, BV, Intertek, TÜV, or your own qualified representative.

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