Zirconium Alloys for Orthopaedic and Dental
Zirconium alloys for biomedical applications are receiving increasing attention due to two unique properties: 1) the formation of an intrinsic bone-like apatite layer on their surfaces in the physical environment, and 2) due to their better compatibility with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics their low magnetizability.
Description
Zirconium is a non-toxic, biocompatible metal. In addition to good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance, zirconium-based materials offer two unique properties for orthopedic and dental implant applications compared to other biocompatible metallic materials in use today. One is the formation of an intrinsic bone-like intermediate surface layer in the physical environment, and the other is their low magnetization. The second property is particularly important for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Products Description
Since both the quality and speed of MRI depend on the magnetic field strength, it is desired to increase the magnetic field strength from the current 1.0-1.5 T to the 3.0-7.0 T range. However, current metallic implant materials such as stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloys (highly magnetizable) and titanium alloys become magnetized under 3.0-7.0 T magnetic field conditions. Consequences include heating of the implant, loosening and dislocation of the implant, and unidentified artifacts in MRI images.
The magnetization of human cortical bone is approximately -8.9 x 10 -6. In general, the MRI-compatible magnetization of implanted materials is expected to be less than approximately 10 x 10 -6. Among biocompatible and ductile metals, zirconium has a very low magnetization, but is still well above the level of compatibility. Preliminary studies have shown that by introducing carefully selected elements into zirconium (known as "alloying"), it is possible to reduce the magnetization of zirconium into the MRI-compatible range while making the resulting zirconium alloys more mechanically suitable for implantation applications.
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Chemical composition
|
Grade |
Element composition(%)< |
||||||||
|
Zr+Hf |
Hf |
Fe+Cr |
Sn |
H |
N |
C |
Nb |
O |
|
|
R60702 |
99.2 |
4.5 |
0.20 |
-- |
0.005 |
0.025 |
0.05 |
-- |
0.16 |
|
R60703 |
98 |
4.5 |
-- |
-- |
--0.005 |
0.025 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
R60704 |
97.5 |
4.5 |
0.20~0.40 |
1.0~2.0 |
0.005 |
0.025 |
0.05 |
-- |
0.18 |
|
R60705 |
95.5 |
4.5 |
0.2 |
-- |
0.005 |
0.025 |
0.05 |
2.0~3.0 |
0.18 |
|
R60706 |
95.5 |
4.5 |
0.2 |
-- |
0.005 |
0.025 |
0.05 |
2.0~3.0 |
0.18 |
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